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Harlem in Disorder: A Spatial History of How Racial Violence Changed in 1935

In the Harlem court on March 22 (18)

Only the stories in the NYT and DN described the scene at the courtroom. Neither of those stories indicated that police had to control a crowd like that which had gathered two days earlier. However, the DM that "several hundred Colored persons" "thronged" outside the court. That story was discounted given that reporters from other publications had noted the presence of crowds earlier in the week, it is likely that they would have again on this day if they had been present.

The DM story did provide a context for the day's proceedings not made explicit by other publications, that "Magistrate Renaud began yesterday the work of cleaning his calendar of the remainder of 85 cases growing out of the Harlem riots." (similar statement in NYT)  The number of cases in the story does not fit the legal records. No newspaper story identified all those who appeared in the court. The Home News, as it did on other dates, mentioned the largest number, ten of the seventeen, and described the charges against three of those convicted, Elizabeth Tai, Arthur Davis and Herbert Hunter and reported testimony by the storeowner whose business Daughty Shavos and Clifford Mitchell had allegedly looted. Tai, Davis and Hunter's convictions were the hearings reported most widely and in the most detail, also mentioned in the New York Evening Journal, Daily News, and Daily Worker. Mitchell and Shavos, appearing in the Magistrates Court for the first time and sent to the grand jury, were also mentioned in the New York Evening Journal, Daily News, and Daily Mirror.

The three men discharged and rearrested as they had been indicted by Dodge's grand jury, James Hughes, Charles Saunders and Isaac Daniels are identified in the Home News, and are the only individuals whose appearance was reported by the New York Post. Only Hughes and Saunders are mentioned by the Daily Worker, which describes them simply as held for the grand jury, omitting any reference to their discharge. Of the five additional men Renaud sent to the grand jury, Amie Taylor and Arthur Merritt are mentioned in the Home News, New York Evening Journal, Daily News and Daily Worker.

No newspaper mentioned the appearances of the other three men sent to the grand jury, James Williams, John Henry and Oscar Leacock (although the Home News had reported that morning that Henry and Leacock would appear, they were not in the story on the hearings published the next day, March 23). Nor did any publication mention the four men sent to the Court of Special Sessions, William Jones, Henry Goodwin and Frederick Harwell and Jackie Ford. Ford, the third man to appear in court for the first time on March 22, with Shavos and Mitchell, was not mentioned in any of the stories on the day's hearings, although his arrest that day was reported by the New York Post, New York World-Telegram and La Prensa.

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