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Harlem in Disorder: A Spatial History of How Racial Violence Changed in 1935

In court on March 20

Most of the police wagons that departed Police headquarters after the line-up went to the Harlem Courthouse, where those arrested south of 130th Street in the 28th Precinct were arraigned. A smaller number went to the Washington Heights Courthouse, where those arrested north of the 130th Street in the 32nd Precinct were arraigned. Several dozen police officers awaited them outside the courthouses; at the Harlem Courthouse there were also more press photographers and large crowds inside the courtroom and on the surrounding streets. While the settings were similar, the hearings played out very differently in the two courtrooms. In the Harlem court, Magistrate Renaud remanded just under half of those arrested in the disorder, twenty-eight Black men, five white men, and three Black women, for further investigation of their alleged offenses. In the Washington Heights court, Magistrate Ford remanded only one in six of those who appeared before him, a third as many as Renaud did in the Harlem court. Police charged a far larger proportion of those sent to Ford's court with disorderly conduct, a minor offense that magistrates adjudicated, with Ford handing down convictions in all those cases that day. Downtown, District Attorney William Dodge announced he would be presenting evidence to the grand jury the next day, proceedings distinct from those taking place in Harlem.
 

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