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Harlem in Disorder: A Spatial History of How Racial Violence Changed in 1935

In the grand jury on March 27 (4)

The two Hearst newspapers, the New York Evening Journal and the New York American, and the New York Times, were the only newspapers to report these grand jury hearings. All three stories were published on March 29 and referred to the hearings occurring on March 28. However, the District Attorney's case files for the men all record the date of the grand jury decision as March 27. As the legal record is more reliable as evidence of the legal process, the hearings are treated as having occurred on March 27.

As grand jury proceedings are closed, none of the stories identified the men involved, a detail that the Heart newspapers mentioned. The New York Times provided a very precise description of the outcome: "The grand jurors also sent to Special Sessions "informations” against four persons accused of unlawful assembly, a misdemeanor, for trial in that court before three justices instead of a jury." That story did not make clear that the men had been charged with riot; unlawful assembly was the misdemeanor form of that charge. The New York Evening Journal and New York American published identical stories about the hearing. It more briefly mentioned four informations returned by grand jury, described as "investigating last week's Communist-inspired rioting in Harlem." That description was at odds with the previous day's stories reporting Dodge's announcement that the grand jury investigation had halted. The end of that investigation is likely why the other publications that had reported the earlier grand jury hearings did not publish stories on these cases.

All three stories also referred to one indictment returned on the same day, likely that of Edward Larry, the one person arrested during the disorder whose District Attorney's case file recorded his grand jury hearing took place on March 29.

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