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Harlem in Disorder: A Spatial History of How Racial Violence Changed in 1935

In the Night Court (3)

Three men arrested during the disorder were arraigned in the Night Court, a branch of the city's magistrates courts that operated after the other courts closed. The New York Herald Tribune, New York Post, and Home News were the only newspapers to mention those hearings. The Home News provided the least information, noting only that "some few [of those arrested] were arraigned in Night Court last night before Magistrate Capshaw." Both the other newspapers specified that three men appeared in the Night Court. While the New York Post offered no further details, the New York Herald Tribune published brief descriptions of the men's alleged offenses.

Magistrate Capshaw adjudicated the prosecution of Claudius Jones, who the New York Herald Tribune reported was charged with "refusing to obey police order to move away from a Harlem corner." Capshaw found Jones guilty and gave him a suspended sentence. He remanded in custody James Smitten, accused of assaulting a white man named William Kitilitz, for investigation of the case. Although the New York Herald Tribune reported Capshaw ordered Smitten returned to court on March 23, there are no other mentions of his prosecution in the sources so its outcome is unknown. A third man, Leo Smith, charged with throwing a stone through a store window, was remanded in custody on bail of $500 for arraignment in the Harlem court the next day. The New York Herald Tribune did not mention that Smith was a white man. He appeared in the Harlem court the next day.

These three men were not the only arrests made by police during the hours that the Night Court operated. An explanation for why no more of those arrested were taken to the Night Court was offered in the New York Post: "when the proportions of the disturbance became evident no attempt was made to use the usual machinery for handling petty offenses."

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